Yamnago: from the historical record to the archaeological record

El topónimo Yamnago en lengua pampa o gününa iájëch designa un territorio de 250 km2 que las sociedades de cazadores-recolectores de la Patagonia septentrional argentina destinaban a la caza estacional de guanaco; la explotación intensiva de este ungulado aportaba el mayor volumen de carne a la dieta, así como hueso y cuero para su manufactura. En este artículo combinamos el análisis de fuentes históricas del siglo XIX, fuentes etnográficas del siglo XX, datos etnográficos actuales y testimonios arqueológicos con objeto de ubicar y delimitar el Yamnago. La finalidad es el estudio del tipo de ocupación-explotación que se había realizado en la región durante los últimos 1000 años.The toponym Yamnago in Pampa or Gününa Iájëch language was used by the hunter-gatherers of Argentinean North Patagonia to identify a territory of 250 km2 dedicated to the seasonal hunting of guanaco; this intensive exploitation contributed to their diet with the biggest meat volume and to their craftsmanship with bone and leather. In this paper we combine nineteenth century historical sources, twentieth century ethnographic works, contemporary ethnographical data, and archaeological testimonies, in order to locate and delimit the Yamnago. The aim is to study the occupation-exploitation system carried out in the region during the last 1000 years.Fil: Boschin, Maria Teresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: del Castillo Bernal, María Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentin

A zebrafish model of Ifih1-driven Aicardi–Goutières syndrome reproduces the interferon signature and the exacerbated inflammation of patients

Type I interferonopathies are a heterogenic group of rare diseases associated with an increase in type I interferon (IFN). The main challenge for the study of Type I interferonopathies is the lack of a well-founded animal model to better characterize the phenotype as well as to perform fast and large drug screenings to offer the best treatment options. In this study, we report the development of a transgenic zebrafish model of Type I interferonopathy overexpressing ifih1 carrying the mutation p.Arg742His (Tg(ifih1_mut)), corresponding to the human mutation p.Arg779His. RNA sequence analysis from Tg(ifih1_mut) larvae revealed a systemic inflammation and IFN signature upon a suboptimal poly I:C induction compared with wild-type larvae, confirming the phenotype observed in patients suffering from Type I interferonopathies. More interestingly, the phenotype was manifested in the zebrafish inflammation and Type I IFN reporters nfkb:eGFP and isg15:eGFP, respectively, making this zebrafish model suitable for future high-throughput chemical screening (HTS). Using the unique advantages of the zebrafish model for gene editing, we have generated Tg(ifih1_mut) knocked down for mavs and ikbke, which completely abrogated the Poly I:C induction and activation of the GFP of the reporters. Finally, we used an FDA-approved drug, Baricitinib (Jak1/Jak2 inhibitor), which was able to reduce the inflammation and the ISG expression. Our results demonstrate the potential of this model to further understand AGS pathological mechanisms and to identify novel therapeutic drugs by HTS

Plan de gestión de responsabilidad social a través de la producción y venta de mermelada en el sector VII de El Milagro, Trujillo – Perú

Se realizó un trabajo de investigación con el propósito de mejorar la condición de vida de las madres de familia a través de su participación en la elaboración de mermeladas para la venta directa en el Sector VII del Milagro, Trujillo – Perú, con el supuesto que dicha actividad crece junto a una adecuada gestión de responsabilidad social. El estudio tuvo carácter proyectivo y aplicado, donde se dio solución a una necesidad de tipo práctica a las madres de familia, para ello como metodología se dispuso del diagnóstico, diseño y ejecución del plan de acciones para la elaboración de mermelada, utilizándose herramientas como encuestas, registro y/o base de datos, entrevistas y observación. Se identificó las mayores necesidades en base al Censo Poblacional UPN realizado el presente año. Se priorizó y determinó el problema socio-ambiental a resolver en la comunidad. Se analizó el problema por medio de la matriz de interrelación FDOR, y a partir de éste se formuló los objetivos del proyecto. Posteriormente, se elaboró y ejecutó el plan de acciones en base a la programación de actividades y sus respectivos indicadores. Se determinó que con la ejecución del plan de acciones para la elaboración de mermelada en base a la producción de un (1) frasco de mermelada, se genera una ganancia del 81.81% equivalente a 1.80 nuevos soles por frasco producido

Plan de gestión de responsabilidad social a través de la producción y venta de mermelada en el sector VII de El Milagro, Trujillo – Perú [Management plan for social responsibility through and sale of marmalade production in the sector VII of the El Milagro, Trujillo – Peru]

RESUMEN Se realizó un trabajo de investigación con el propósito de mejorar la condición de vida de las madres de familia a través de su participación en la elaboración de mermeladas para la venta directa en el Sector VII del Milagro, Trujillo – Perú, con el supuesto que dicha actividad crece junto a una adecuada gestión de responsabilidad social. El estudio tuvo carácter proyectivo y aplicado, donde se dio solución a una necesidad de tipo práctica a las madres de familia, para ello como metodología se dispuso del diagnóstico, diseño y ejecución del plan de acciones para la elaboración de mermelada, utilizándose herramientas como encuestas, registro y/o base de datos, entrevistas y observación. Se identificó las mayores necesidades en base al Censo Poblacional UPN realizado el presente año. Se priorizó y determinó el problema socio-ambiental a resolver en la comunidad. Se analizó el problema por medio de la matriz de interrelación FDOR, y a partir de éste se formuló los objetivos del proyecto. Posteriormente, se elaboró y ejecutó el plan de acciones en base a la programación de actividades y sus respectivos indicadores. Se determinó que con la ejecución del plan de acciones para la elaboración de mermelada en base a la producción de un (1) frasco de mermelada, se genera una ganancia del 81.81% equivalente a 1.80 nuevos soles por frasco producido.ABSTRACT A research was conducted with the aim of improving the living conditions of mothers through its participation in the preparation of jams for direct sale in Sector VII of the Miracle, Trujillo - Peru, with the assumption that the activity grows with proper management of social responsibility. The study had projective and applied nature, which solution is given to a need for practical kind to mothers, to it as methodology was available diagnosis, design and implementation of the action plan for making jam, using tools such as surveys, registration and / or database, interviews and observation. The greatest needs are identified based on the Population Census UPN made this year. Priority was given and determined the socio-environmental problem to be solved in the community. The problem was analyzed through FDOR matrix interaction, and from this the objectives of the project was formulated. Later, he developed and implemented the plan of action based on the program of activities and their respective indicators. It was determined that with the implementation of the action plan for making jam based on the production of one (1) jar of jam, a gain of 81.81%, equivalent to 1.80 soles per bottle produced is generated

Long-Term Outcomes After Autologous Versus Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Molecularly-Stratified Patients With Intermediate Cytogenetic Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A PETHEMA Study

PETHEMA (Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematología) and GETH (Grupo Espa~nol de Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia Celular) Cooperative GroupsAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) with intermediate risk cytogenetics (IRcyto) comprises a variety of biological entities with distinct mutational landscapes that translate into differential risks of relapse and prognosis. Optimal postremission therapy choice in this heterogeneous patient population is currently unsettled. In the current study, we compared outcomes in IRcyto AML recipients of autologous (autoSCT) (n = 312) or allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) (n = 279) in first complete remission (CR1). Molecular risk was defined based on CEBPA, NPM1, and FLT3-ITD mutational status, per European LeukemiaNet 2017 criteria. Five-year overall survival (OS) in patients with favorable molecular risk (FRmol) was 62% (95% confidence interval [CI], 50-72) after autoSCT and 66% (95% CI, 41-83) after matched sibling donor (MSD) alloSCT (P = .68). For patients of intermediate molecular risk (IRmol), MSD alloSCT was associated with lower cumulative incidence of relapse (P < .001), as well as with increased nonrelapse mortality (P = .01), as compared to autoSCT. The 5-year OS was 47% (95% CI, 34-58) after autoSCT and 70% (95% CI, 59-79) after MSD alloSCT (P = .02) in this patient subgroup. In a propensity-score matched IRmol subcohort (n = 106), MSD alloSCT was associated with superior leukemia-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0.33, P = .004) and increased OS in patients alive 1 year after transplantation (HR 0.20, P = .004). These results indicate that, within IRcyto AML in CR1, autoSCT may be a valid option for FRmol patients, whereas MSD alloSCT should be the preferred postremission strategy in IRmol patients.Supported by a Río Hortega academic clinical fellowship (CM19/00194) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (E.R.A.). Additional funding has been provided by CIBERONC grants to J.P.S. (CB16/12/00480), M.M.S. (CB16/12/00369) and B.V. (CB16/12/00233)

Planeación, gobernanza y sustentabilidad Retos y desafíos desde el enfoque territorial

Frente a la compleja realidad actual, resulta ineludible el desarrollo de la investigación científica de los fenómenos y procesos urbanos, territoriales y ambientales, que contribuya a su comprensión y la construcción de alternativas de solución a los retos y desafíos vigentes. En este contexto, el abordaje de las ciudades y regiones metropolitanas, el ordenamiento del territorio y la ocupación del espacio, así como la relación sociedad-naturaleza y la complejidad ambiental, precisa la generación de metodologías y procesos de investigación multi e inter disciplinarios que contribuyan a la comprensión de los procesos socioterritoriales, el mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida y la conservación ambiental.Programa de Fortalecimiento de la Calidad Educativa PFCE-2016 proyecto K0313101

Acute leukemia arising from myeloproliferative or myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms: A series of 372 patients from the PETHEMA AML registry

PETHEMA group.Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) evolving from myeloproliferative (MPN) or myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) is challenging. We evaluated disease characteristics, treatment patterns and outcomes in 372 patients diagnosed with AML after MPN or MDS/MPN over a 27-year period. Frontline treatment was intensive chemotherapy (38%), hypomethylating agents [HMAs] (17%), non-intensive chemotherapy (14%), and supportive care (31%). Median overall survival was 4.8 months, with a 5-year survival rate of 4%. Median survival was 2.8, 3.9 and 8.3 months for the 1992-2010, 2011-2015 and 2016-2019 periods, respectively (test for trend p < 0.001). Complete response (CR) rate was higher with intensive chemotherapy (43%) than with non-intensive chemotherapy (12%) or HMAs (8.5%) [p < 0.001], but responses were short-lived without allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Patients treated with intensive chemotherapy or HMAs had superior survival than those receiving non-intensive chemotherapy (median: 8.5 vs. 8.6 vs. 4.2 months, respectively). No differences in treatment response or survival were observed according to prior disease subtypes. Patients undergoing transplantation in CR had better survival than those transplanted in other response categories (3-year survival rate of 64% vs. 22%, p = 0.002). Our results support the use of intensive chemotherapy followed by transplant whenever possible, and the preferential use of HMAs over attenuated chemotherapy regimens in unfit patients. In spite of the survival improvement in recent years, this subset of AML constitutes an unmet medical need and deserves systematic incorporation in clinical trials.Peer reviewe

Psychometric characteristics of the Spanish version of instruments to measure neck pain disability

Background: The NDI, COM and NPQ are evaluation instruments for disability due to NP. There was no Spanish version of NDI or COM for which psychometric characteristics were known. The objectives of this study were to translate and culturally adapt the Spanish version of the Neck Disability Index Questionnaire (NDI), and the Core Outcome Measure (COM), to validate its use in Spanish speaking patients with non-specific neck pain (NP), and to compare their psychometric characteristics with those of the Spanish version of the Northwick Pain Questionnaire (NPQ). Methods: Translation/re-translation of the English versions of the NDI and the COM was done blindly and independently by a multidisciplinary team. The study was done in 9 primary care Centers and 12 specialty services from 9 regions in Spain, with 221 acute, subacute and chronic patients who visited their physician for NP: 54 in the pilot phase and 167 in the validation phase. Neck pain (VAS), referred pain (VAS), disability (NDI, COM and NPQ), catastrophizing (CSQ) and quality of life (SF-12) were measured on their first visit and 14 days later. Patients' self-assessment was used as the external criterion for pain and disability. In the pilot phase, patients' understanding of each item in the NDI and COM was assessed, and on day 1 test-retest reliability was estimated by giving a second NDI and COM in which the name of the questionnaires and the order of the items had been changed. Results: Comprehensibility of NDI and COM were good. Minutes needed to fill out the questionnaires [median, (P25, P75)]: NDI. 4 (2.2, 10.0), COM: 2.1 (1.0, 4.9). Reliability: [ICC, (95%CI)]: NDI: 0.88 (0.80, 0.93). COM: 0.85 (0.75,0.91). Sensitivity to change: Effect size for patients having worsened, not changed and improved between days 1 and 15, according to the external criterion for disability: NDI: -0.24, 0.15, 0.66; NPQ: -0.14, 0.06, 0.67; COM: 0.05, 0.19, 0.92. Validity: Results of NDI, NPQ and COM were consistent with the external criterion for disability, whereas only those from NDI were consistent with the one for pain. Correlations with VAS, CSQ and SF-12 were similar for NDI and NPQ (absolute values between 0.36 and 0.50 on day 1, between 0.38 and 0.70 on day 15), and slightly lower for COM (between 0.36 and 0.48 on day 1, and between 0.33 and 0.61 on day 15). Correlation between NDI and NPQ: r = 0.84 on day 1, r = 0.91 on day 15. Correlation between COM and NPQ: r = 0.63 on day 1, r = 0.71 on day 15. Conclusion: Although most psychometric characteristics of NDI, NPQ and COM are similar, those from the latter one are worse and its use may lead to patients' evolution seeming more positive than it actually is. NDI seems to be the best instrument for measuring NP-related disability, since its results are the most consistent with patient's assessment of their own clinical status and evolution. It takes two more minutes to answer the NDI than to answer the COM, but it can be reliably filled out by the patient without assistance